Scratching is a natural instinct for cats. They do it to mark territory and sharpen their claws. The goal isn't to stop the scratching, but to redirect it.
1. Provide Alternatives
You need to give them something better to scratch. Get a sturdy scratching post that is tall enough for them to stretch fully. Sisal rope is usually a favorite texture.
2. Placement
Put the scratching post right next to the furniture they are ruining. Slowly move it away once they start using it reliably.
3. Deterrents
Use double-sided sticky tape or citrus sprays on your furniture. Cats hate sticky sensations and citrus smells.
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Conclusion
Be consistent and reward good behavior. Your sofa will thank you!